Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zengilazi eyisicaba emhlabeni namuhla: umdwebo oyisicaba, indlela yokuntanta kanye ne-calendering.Ingilazi entantayo, eyenza ngaphezu kuka-90% wengqikithi yokukhiqizwa kwengilazi okwamanje, iyimpahla yokwakha eyisisekelo engilazini yezakhiwo zomhlaba.Inqubo yokukhiqiza ingilazi entantayo yasungulwa ngo-1952, eyabeka indinganiso yomhlaba wonke yokukhiqizwa kwengilazi ephezulu.Inqubo yengilazi entantayo ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko:
● izithako
● ukuncibilika
● ukwakha nokugqoka
● ukuthungatha
● ukusika nokupakisha
Izithako
I-Batching yisigaba sokuqala, esilungisa izinto ezingavuthiwe zokuncibilika.Izinto ezingavuthiwe zihlanganisa isihlabathi, i-dolomite, i-limestone, umlotha wesoda kanye ne-mirabilite, ezithuthwa ngeloli noma isitimela.Lezi zinto zokusetshenziswa zigcinwa ekamelweni lokuhlanganisa.Kukhona ama-silo, ama-hopper, amabhande okuthutha, ama-chute, abaqoqi bothuli kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula ezidingekayo ekamelweni lezinto ezibonakalayo, ezilawula ukuthuthwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokuxutshwa kwezinto ze-batch.Kusukela ngesikhathi izinto zokusetshenziswa zilethwa ekamelweni lezinto ezibonakalayo, zihlala zihamba.
Ngaphakathi kwegumbi lokuhlanganisa, ibhande elide eliyisicaba eliyisicaba lithutha ngokuqhubekayo izinto zokusetshenziswa kusuka eziseleni zezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene ukuya kungqimba lwekheshi lebhakede ngongqimba ngokulandelana, bese lizithumela kudivayisi yokukala ukuze kuhlolwe isisindo sazo esiyinhlanganisela.Izingcezu zengilazi ezigaywe kabusha noma izimbuyiselo zomugqa wokukhiqiza zizongezwa kulezi zithako.Iqoqo ngalinye liqukethe ingilazi ephukile engu-10-30%.Izinto ezomile zengezwa ku-mixer futhi zixutshwe ku-batch.Iqoqo elixubile lithunyelwa lisuka egunjini lokuhlanganisa liyiswa esiseleni sekhanda likahhavini ukuze ligcinwe ngebhande lokuthutha, bese lifakwa esithandweni ngenani elilawulwa umphakeli.
Ukwakheka Kwengilazi Okujwayelekile
Igceke leCullet
Phakela Impahla Eluhlaza Exubile Ekungeneni Kwesithando Kufike Kumadigri angu-1650 Nge-Hopper
Iyancibilika
Isithando somlilo esijwayelekile yisithando somlilo esinqamulayo esinama-regenerator ayisithupha, cishe amamitha angu-25 ububanzi namamitha angu-62 ububanzi, namandla okukhiqiza nsuku zonke amathani angu-500.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesithando somlilo ziyi-melting pool / clarifier, ichibi lokusebenza, i-regenerator kanye nesithando somlilo esincane.Njengoba kuboniswe ku-Figure 4, yenziwe ngezinto ezikhethekile zokuphikisa futhi inesakhiwo sensimbi kuhlaka lwangaphandle.Iqoqo lithunyelwa echibini elincibilikayo lesithando ngesiphakeli, futhi ichibi elincibilikayo lishiselwa ku-1650 ℃ ngesibhamu segesi yemvelo.
Ingilazi encibilikisiwe igeleza isuka echibini elincibilikayo iye endaweni yentamo nge-clarifier futhi inyakaziswa ngokulinganayo.Bese igelezela engxenyeni yokusebenza futhi iphole kancane kancane ifike kumadigri angaba ngu-1100 ukuze ifinyelele i-viscosity efanele ngaphambi kokufinyelela kubhavu kathayela.
Ukwakha Nokunameka
Inqubo yokwenza ingilazi ewuketshezi ecacisiwe ibe yingcweti yengilazi iyinqubo yokukhohlisa ngomshini ngokuya ngokuthambekela kwemvelo kwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ukushuba kwemvelo kwalokhu kwaziswa kungu-6.88 mm.Ingilazi ewuketshezi igeleza iphuma esithandweni ngokusebenzisa indawo yesiteshi, futhi ukugeleza kwayo kulawulwa ngomnyango olungisekayo obizwa ngokuthi inqama, okucishe kube ± 0.15 mm ukushona engilazini ewuketshezi.Intanta phezu kwethini elincibilikisiwe - yingakho igama lengilazi entantayo.Ingilazi nethini akusabeli futhi kungahlukaniswa;Ukumelana kwabo ngendlela yamangqamuzana kwenza ingilazi ibe bushelelezi.
Ukugeza kuyiyunithi evalwe endaweni elawulwayo ye-nitrogen ne-hydrogen.Ihlanganisa insimbi esekelayo, amagobolondo aphezulu naphansi, ama-refractories, ithini kanye nezinto zokushisa, ukunciphisa umoya, izinzwa zokushisa, uhlelo lokulawula inqubo yekhompyutha, cishe amamitha angu-8 ububanzi namamitha angu-60 ubude, futhi isivinini somugqa wokukhiqiza singafinyelela kumamitha angu-25 / ngomzuzu.Ibhavu likathayela liqukethe cishe amathani angama-200 kathini omsulwa, onesilinganiso sokushisa esingu-800 ℃.Lapho ingilazi yenza ungqimba oluncane ekugcineni kwendawo yokugezela kathayela, ibizwa ngokuthi ipuleti lengilazi, futhi uchungechunge lwabadonsa emaphethelweni alungisekayo lusebenza nhlangothi zombili.Umsebenzisi usebenzisa uhlelo lokulawula ukusetha isivinini sehhoni yokuthungatha kanye nomshini wokudweba onqenqemeni.Ubukhulu bepuleti lengilazi bungaba phakathi kuka-0.55 no-25 mm.Isici sokushisa se-partition esiphezulu sisetshenziselwa ukulawula izinga lokushisa lengilazi.Njengoba ipuleti lengilazi ligeleza ngokuqhubekayo kubhavu kathini, izinga lokushisa lengilazi lizokwehla kancane kancane, okwenza ingilazi isicaba futhi ihambisane.Kuleli qophelo, i-acuracoat ingasetshenziswa ® Ku-line plating yefilimu ekhanyayo, ifilimu ephansi ye-e, ifilimu yokulawula ilanga, ifilimu ye-photovoltaic kanye nefilimu yokuzihlanza kumishini ye-pyrolysis CVD.Ngalesi sikhathi, ingilazi isilungele ukupholisa.
Bath Cross Section
Ingilazi Isakazwa Isendlalelo Esincane Ethini Elincibilikisiwe, Igcinwe Ihlukene Nethayela, Yakhiwe Icwecwe
Isici sokushisa esilengayo sihlinzeka ngokunikeza ukushisa, futhi ububanzi nobukhulu bengilazi kulawulwa isivinini kanye ne-angle ye-edge puller.
Anealing
Lapho ingilazi eyakhiwe ishiya ibhavu likathayela, izinga lokushisa lengilazi lingu-600 ℃.Uma ipuleti lengilazi lipholiswe emkhathini, ingaphezulu lengilazi lizophola ngokushesha kunengaphakathi lengilazi, okuzodala ukucindezelwa okukhulu kwendawo kanye nokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi okuyingozi kwepuleti lengilazi.
Isigaba Se-Annealing Kiln
Inqubo yokushisa yengilazi ngaphambi nangemva kokubunjwa nayo iyinqubo yokwakheka kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukushisa ukuze unciphise kancane kancane izinga lokushisa lengilazi ekushiseni okuzungezile, okungukuthi, i-annealing.Eqinisweni, ukucwiliswa kwe-anneal kwenziwa kuhhavini yokushisa ye-gradient annealing esethiwe ngaphambilini (bheka uMdwebo 7) cishe amamitha angu-6 ububanzi namamitha angu-120 ubude.I-annealing kiln ihlanganisa izinto zokushisisa ezilawulwa ngogesi namafeni ukugcina ukusabalalisa kwezinga lokushisa okuphambene kwamapuleti engilazi azinzile.
Umphumela wenqubo ye-annealing ukuthi ingilazi ipholiswe ngokucophelela ekamelweni lokushisa ngaphandle kokucindezeleka kwesikhashana noma ukucindezeleka.
Ukusika Nokupakisha
Amapuleti ezingilazi apholiswe ihhoko lokuthungatha ayiswa endaweni yokusika ngetafula le-roller elixhunywe nesistimu yokushayela yehhoko lokuthungatha.Ingilazi idlulisa uhlelo lokuhlola oluku-inthanethi ukuze kuqedwe noma yiziphi izinkinga, futhi isikwe ngesondo lokusika idayimane ukuze kukhishwe unqenqema lwengilazi (izinto ezisemaphethelweni zigaywa kabusha njengengilazi ephukile).Bese usike ngosayizi odingwa yikhasimende.Ingaphezulu lengilazi lifafazwa nge-powder medium, ukuze amapuleti engilazi akwazi ukupakishwa futhi agcinwe ukugwema ukunamathelana noma ukunwaya.Khona-ke, amapuleti engilazi angenasici ahlukaniswa abe yizitaki zokupakishwa ngemishini eyenziwa ngesandla noma ezenzakalelayo, futhi adluliselwe endaweni yokugcina impahla ukuze agcinwe noma athunyelwe kumakhasimende.
Ngemva kokuthi I-Glass Plate Ishiya I-Annealing Kiln, I-Glass Plate Yakhiwe Ngokugcwele Futhi Ithuthelwe Endaweni Yokupholisa Ukuze Iqhubeke Nokunciphisa Izinga Lokushisa.